What has happened in a CHOSEN EUROPEAN ECONOMY over the last two years Assignment

What has happened in a CHOSEN EUROPEAN ECONOMY over the last two years - Assignment Example Firstly, by taming expectations, actual inflation can be controlled; and secondly, this will also lead to stability in employment and output. Similarly, purpose of the fiscal policy (whereby the government alters public expenditure and taxation policies) is to boost aggregate demand of the country, which in turn is expected to improve growth rate of the economy (Lawton, 2013). In the wake of the global financial crisis, Germany, like most other developed countries, is following the policy of fiscal tightening. Germany is a member of the programs undertaken by Euro Plus Act and main commitment of this program was to reduce debt of the government. High debts of the government are not supportive for the long run as this increases the risk of default. Polices of the government are being heavily guided by withdrawal of stimulus and measures of consolidation coupled with reduction of social security benefits. Fiscal consolidation measures followed by German government have been effective in bringing down both the structural and actual deficit of the country. The deficit of the government was brought down below the reference figure of 3%. The general finances of government had also shown a surplus in 2012 for the first time, after the crisis. This makes it clear that the country has been successful in achieving the medium-term budgetary goal and structural deficit is within 0.5% of GDP. Bringing down structural deficit is also important for controlling long-term stability of a country; and in case of Germany, it has been observed that in 2012, the structural net borrowing was only 0.31% of GDP, which was well within control of the government. Even in 2013, structural deficit was below the stipulated value of 0.35% (Deutsche Bank, 20 13). On expenditure side of the fiscal policy, main focus of the government in the last two years has been to increase investment in research and developmental programs and education. The rationale behind doing

Does post-development represent the end of development or a new way of Essay

Does post-development represent the end of development or a new way of thinking about how development should be promotedExplain - Essay Example It would give an illustration as to how alternative techniques should be designed to overcome any problem which may occur during the development process. At the end of the 1980s, there was and still is little proof that the ever-present Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) had motivated any development, or shaped circumstances helpful to growth. In these situations it was barely astonishing that a lot of individuals involved in development started to sense that the previous theories had unsuccessful (a remarkable exception incorporated those practitioners and intellectuals who were linked with the Washington, and other support organizations, that had prepared a considerable intellectual and economic investment in such plans as SAPs). The query was where to go from that place. Such was the character of the ‘impasse’. In the deficiency of any reliable hypothetical foundation many theorists have sought a trail through the impasse by reference to the body of premise usually known as ‘post-modernism’, or post-structuralism. History is analyzed merely as a reliant series of events. Post-modernists would also be likely to condemn what is frequently observed as an unusually modernist trust in the talent of human race to advance their situation through science, generally visualized as the capability to form and shape their world through the use of technology and such processes as balanced techniques of planning. This is not to declare that post-modernists quarrel that technology and planning never end in the most wanted, or at least useful results, although some approach quite near to such a point at times (e.g. Paul Feyerabendon science). However, they are generally doubtful of the capability of planners and social engineers to attain their apparently benevolent objectives for society (and this is to close the eyes to the chance that they may state such benign goals as a coat for less generally